LIST OF BEE SPECIES (HYMENOPTERA, APOIDEA) OF LVIV CITY (UKRAINE). PART I. FAMILIES ANDRENIDAE LATREILLE, 1802 AND APIDAE LATREILLE, 1802

Abstract

Background. The article presents the results of the research on bees (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) that occur in the city of Lviv. Bees are effective and important pollinators of many wild and agricultural angiosperm plants. However, bees are very sensitive to the environmental changes, especially to changes caused by humans. Urbanization often degrades nesting habitats for bees, decreases the abundance of oligolectic species, etc. Many different factors may have various effects on different species of bees. Thus, such investigations are very important and topical. A comprehensive study of all Apoidea the on the whole territory of the city of Lviv has been conducted for the first time in more than 80 years and we hope that presented materials will lay the foundation for further more detailed studies in this area.
Materials and Methods. Lviv is the largest city in Western Ukraine located on the eastern edge of the Roztochia Upland. The material was collected during warm period of 2017–2019. The Moericke (yellow) pan traps and the entomological nets were used. Also we collected dead bees (killed by traffic) along the roads. Besides, we analyzed the entomological collection of the Zoological Museum of the Ivan Franko National University [ZMD] (Lviv). The stereoscopic microscope and different specialized keys for bee species identification were used.
Results. We analyzed 960 specimens of bees which belong to 106 species, 25 genera and 6 families (Apidae, Andrenidae, Colletidae, Halictidae, Megachilidae and Melittidae). In the first part of present study, we review two families: Andrenidae and Apidae. In our collection, the family Andrenidae is presented by 32 species and family Apidae by 33 species.
Conclusions. All of these species are native for the territory of Europe. The majority of them are polylectic (80 % of all collected Apidae and Andrenidae excluding kleptoparasitic species; 60 % in total) and nest in soil (96 % and 72 % respectively). Most part of analyzed species is listed within two categories of the IUCN Red List: “Least Concern” – 43 species (66 % of all collected Apidae and Andrenidae); “Data Deficient” – 20 species (31 % respective). Only two species (3 %) are listed as “Near Threatened” (Andrena hattorfiana (Fabricius, 1781) and A. ovatula (Kirby, 1802)). Xylocopa valga Gerstäcker, 1872 has a conservation status of “Rare” in the Red Data Book of Ukraine.