ACCUMULATION OF MINERAL ELEMENTS IN THE LONGISSIMUS DORSI MUSCLE OF BULLS OF DIFFERENT AGES AND BREEDS
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/sbi.1904.858
Abstract
Background. In the context of growing demand for higher-quality food, it is imperative to determine the biological value and safety of beef based on the level of vital trace elements. There is limited knowledge about the course of their formation, which underscores the need for further in-depth research in this area.
Materials and Methods. The object of the research was samples of the Longissimus dorsi muscle of bulls of six breeds of cattle of dairy and combined productivity. The calcium content in the samples was determined by the complexometric method. The phosphorus content was determined by the colorimetric method using a photoelectric colorimeter. The content of other trace elements was determined by the standardized atomic absorption method using an AAS-30 spectrophotometer (Sagle Zeiss, Germany) at the research base of the Testing Center of the Institute of Animal Science of the NAAS, accredited by the National Accreditation Agency of Ukraine, in accordance with the requirements of DSTU EN ISO/IEC 17025:2019.
Results. The findings indicate that the age factor is associated with the accumulation of mineral elements in muscle tissue, while breed plays a key role in regulating overall mineral metabolism. Studies of the mineral composition of the Longissimus dorsi muscle of bulls at different growth stages identified 12 elements, five of which were classified as macroelements (Ca, P, Mg, K, and Na), and seven as trace elements (Cu, Co, Mn, Zn, Fe, Pb, and Cd). The concentrations of these elements varied within a fairly wide range but did not exceed the maximum permissible levels established for cattle meat. The content of such heavy metals as lead and cadmium in the meat of mature, intensively raised 21-month-old steers was significantly lower than in the veal of 3-month-old steers.
Conclusion. The results of the study indicate the absence of natural changes in the content of all trace elements during different growth periods. Only specific features of accumulation for each trace element and growth period were revealed, which does not contradict the general trend of similarity of the mineral composition of the meat of dairy and combined bulls. The content of lead and cadmium in the meat of mature, intensively raised 21-month-old steers was significantly lower than in the veal of 3-month-old steers.
Keywords
mineral elements, Longissimus dorsi muscle, beef, bulls, breed, age
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