FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF CORN AND WHEAT PLANT SHOOTS UNDER THE ACTION OF SALICYLATE IN DROUGHT CONDITIONS
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/sbi.1403.629
Abstract
Background. Salicylic acid is a phenolic compound of natural plant origin with hormonal properties. Salicylic acid is involved in the formation of plant resistance to stressors of biotic and abiotic nature. Drought is one of the most common stressors inhibiting growth, development and yield of plants. Fatty acids are important components of membrane organelles and plasmalemma. Changing the ratio of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids affects the properties of cell membranes and is an important component of the formation of plant resistance to stressors such as low or high temperatures and drought.
Methods. To study the changes in fatty acid composition that occur in plants under the action of salicylic acid and drought, we determined the content of fatty acids in the shoots of plants using gas-liquid chromatography. The effect of salicylic acid on the content of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in shoots of 12-day plants Zea mays L. and Triticum aestivum L. in the drought conditions was investigated. It was found that the content of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in the shoots of Zea mays L. and Triticum aestivum L. decreased under drought conditions. At the same time, salicylic acid in the concentration of 0.5 mM initiated an increase in the content of these compounds under stressful conditions. The lipid unsaturation index – the ratio of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids – was also determined.
Results. The increase in lipid unsaturation index under the influence of the salicylic acid in the shoots of Zea mays L. was insignificant. Drought caused a significant decrease in this indicator mainly due to a decrease in the pool of saturated fatty acids. Under the combined influence of drought and salicylic acid, lipid unsaturation index significantly increased relative to that of drought. The increase in lipid unsaturation index correlated with changes in the accumulation of unsaturated and saturated fatty acids in the shoots of the studied plants. Determination of lipid unsaturation index in Triticum aestivum L. showed that in plant shoots under the conditions of moisture deficiency there is also a significant decrease in lipid unsaturation index. This is mainly due to a sharp decrease in the content of unsaturated fatty acids. At the same time, under the combined influence of salicylic acid and drought, the lipid unsaturation index decreases even more.
Conclusion. Despite similar trends in the impact of salicylic acid and drought on the content of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in the two studied plant species, some differences were observed: under stressful conditions, salicylic acid caused an increase in lipid unsaturation index in Zea mays L. and a significant decrease of this index in Triticum aestivum L.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
1. Basu S., Ramegowda V., Kumar A., Pereira A. Plant adaptation to drought stress. F1000 Research, 2016; 5: 1554. Crossref • PubMed • Google Scholar | ||||
| ||||
2. Bhunia R.K., Chakraborty A., Kaur R., Maiti M.K., Kumar Sen S. Enhancement of α-linolenic acid content in transgenic tobacco seeds by targeting a plastidial ω-3 fatty acid desaturase (fad7) gene of Sesamum indicum to ER. Plant Cell Rep, 2016; 35; 213-226. Crossref • PubMed • Google Scholar | ||||
| ||||
3. Blokhina O., Virolainen E., Fagerstedt K.V. Antioxidants, oxidative damage and oxygen deprivation stress: a review. Annals of Botany, 2003; 91(2): 179-194. Crossref • PubMed • Google Scholar | ||||
| ||||
4. Chutipaijit S. Changes in physiological and antioxidant activity of indica rice seedlings in response to mannitol-induced osmotic stress. Chilean J. Agric. Res., 2016; 76(4): 455-462. Crossref • Google Scholar | ||||
| ||||
5. Cruz R., Golombieski J., Bazana M., Cabreira C., Silveira T., Silva L. Alterations in fatty acid composition due to cold exposure at the vegetative stage in rice. Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology, 2009; 22: 199-207. Crossref • Google Scholar | ||||
| ||||
6. Filek M., Walas S., Mrowiec H., Rudolphi-Skórska E., Sieprawska A., Biesaga-Kościelniak J. Membrane permeability and micro- and macroelement accumulation in spring wheat cultivars during the short-term effect of salinity- and PEG-induced water stress. Acta Physiol Plant, 2012; 34: 985-995. Crossref • Google Scholar | ||||
| ||||
7. Gigon A., Matos A.R., Laffray D., Zuily-Fodil Y., Pham-Thi A.T. Effect of drought stress on lipid metabolism in the leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana (ecotype Columbia). Ann Bot, 2004; 94(3): 345-351. Crossref • PubMed • Google Scholar | ||||
| ||||
8. Guo Q., Liu L., Barkla B.J. Membrane lipid remodeling in response to salinity. Int J Mol Sci, 2019; 20(17): 4264. Crossref • PubMed • Google Scholar | ||||
| ||||
9. Hayat S., Hayat Q., Alyemeni M.N., Wani A.S., Pichtel J., Ahmad A. Role of proline under changing environments: a review. Plant Signal Behav, 2012; 7(11): 1456-1466. Crossref • PubMed • Google Scholar | ||||
| ||||
10. Hong Y., Zheng S., Wang X. Dual functions of phospholipase Dα1 in plant response to drought. Molecular Plant, 2008; 1(2): 262-269. Crossref • PubMed • Google Scholar | ||||
| ||||
11. Huang H., Ullah F., Zhou D.X., Yi M., Zhao Y. Mechanisms of ROS regulation of plant development and stress responses. Front Plant Sci, 2019; 10: 800. Crossref • PubMed • Google Scholar | ||||
| ||||
12. Jiang Y., Huang B. Drought and heat stress injury to two cool-season turfgrasses in relation to antioxidant metabolism and lipid peroxidation. Crop Science, 2001; 41: 436-442. Crossref • Google Scholar | ||||
| ||||
13. Kachroo A., Kachroo P. Fatty acid-derived signals in plant defense. Annu Rev Phytopathol, 2009; 47: 153-176. Crossref • PubMed • Google Scholar | ||||
| ||||
14. Kobyletska M., Rybak O., Telegij M. Salicylate activated changes in the intensity of lipid peroxidation in wheat and corn plants in drought condition. Studia Biologica, 2017; 11(3-4): 62-63. (In Ukrainian) Crossref | ||||
| ||||
15. Kwang-Hyun B., Skinner D.Z. Production of reactive oxygen species by freezing stress and the protective roles of antioxidant enzymes in plants. J. Agr. Chem. Environ., 2012; 1(1): 34-40. Crossref • Google Scholar | ||||
| ||||
16. Lakyn G.F. Biometrics. Moscow: Vysshaya Shkola, 1990. 352 p. (In Russian) | ||||
| ||||
17. Levishko A.S., Mamenko P.M., Kots S.Ya. Plant metabolomics: fundamentals and role in the study of plant-microbe interactions. Plant Physiology and Genetics, 2014; 46(1): 19-26. (In Ukrainian) Google Scholar | ||||
| ||||
18. Lim G.H., Singhal R., Kachroo A., Kachroo P. Fatty acid- and lipid-mediated signaling in plant defense. Annu Rev Phytopathol, 2017; 55(1): 505-536. Crossref • PubMed • Google Scholar | ||||
| ||||
19. Malenka U., Kobyletska M., Terek O. Influence of salicylic acid on the amount of free aminoacids and proline in plants of wheat and corn under drought conditions. Studia Biologica, 2014; 8(2): 123-132. (In Ukrainian) Crossref • Google Scholar | ||||
| ||||
20. Molassiotis A., Fotopoulos V. Oxidative and nitrosative signaling in plants: two branches in the same tree? Plant Signal Behav, 2011; 6(2): 210-214. Crossref • PubMed • Google Scholar | ||||
| ||||
21. Murphy D.J. The biogenesis and functions of lipid bodies in animals, plants and microorganisms. Prog Lipid Res, 2001; 40(5): 325-438. Crossref • Google Scholar | ||||
| ||||
22. Niu Y., Xiang Y. An overview of biomembrane functions in plant responses to high-temperature stress. Frontiers in Plant Science, 2018; 9: 915. Crossref • PubMed • Google Scholar | ||||
| ||||
23. Perlikowski D., Kierszniowska S., Sawikowska A., Krajewski P., Rapacz M., Eckhardt Ä., Kosmala A. Remodeling of leaf cellular glycerolipid composition under drought and re-hydration conditions in grasses from the Lolium-Festuca complex. Front Plant Sci, 2016; 7: 1027. Crossref • PubMed • Google Scholar | ||||
| ||||
24. Posmyk M.M., Janas K.M. Effects of seed hydropriming in presence of exogenous proline on chilling injury limitation in Vigna radiata L. seedlings. Acta Physiol Plant, 2007; 29: 509-517. Crossref • Google Scholar | ||||
| ||||
25. Rivis Y.F., Fedoruk R.S. Quantitative chromatographic methods for the determination of individual lipids and fatty acids in biological material. Methodical manual. Lviv. Spolom, 2010. 110 p. (In Ukrainian) Google Scholar | ||||
| ||||
26. Sahsah Y., Campos P., Gareil M., Zuily-Fodil Y., Pham-Thi A. Enzymatic degradation of polar lipids in Vigna unguiculata leaves and influence of drought stress. Physiologia Plantarum, 2002; 104: 577-586. Crossref • Google Scholar | ||||
| ||||
27. Shoresh M., Yedidia I., Chet I. Involvement of jasmonic acid/ethylene signaling pathway in the systemic resistance induced in cucumber by Trichoderma asperellum T203. Phytopathology, 2005; 95(1): 76-84. Crossref • PubMed • Google Scholar | ||||
| ||||
28. Shulaev V., Cortes D., Miller G., Mittler R. Metabolomics for plant stress response. Physiol Plant, 2008; 132(2): 199-208. Crossref • PubMed • Google Scholar | ||||
| ||||
29. Shulaev V., Oliver D.J. Metabolic and proteomic markers for oxidative stress. New tools for reactive oxygen species research. Plant Physiology, 2006; 141(2): 367-372. Crossref • PubMed • Google Scholar | ||||
| ||||
30. Stratmann J.W. Long distance run in the wound response - jasmonic acid is pulling ahead.Trends in Plant Science, 2003; 8(6): 247-250. Crossref • Google Scholar | ||||
| ||||
31. Thi Anh, Silva J., Mazliak P. The role of membrane lipids in drought resistance of plants. Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France. Actualités Botaniques, 2014; 137: 99-114. Crossref • Google Scholar | ||||
| ||||
32. Upchurch R.G. Fatty acid unsaturation, mobilization, and regulation in the response of plants to stress. Biotechnol Lett, 2008; 30(6): 967-977. Crossref • PubMed • Google Scholar | ||||
| ||||
33. Wang L., Allmann S., Wu J., Baldwin I.T. Comparisons of LIPOXYGENASE3- and JASMONATE-RESISTANT4/6-silenced plants reveal that jasmonic acid and jasmonic acid-amino acid conjugates play different roles in herbivore resistance of Nicotiana attenuata. Plant Physiol, 2008; 146(3): 904-915. Crossref • PubMed • Google Scholar | ||||
| ||||
34. Wang Y., Zhang X., Huang G., Feng F., Liu X., Guo R., Gu F., Zhong X., Mei X. Dynamic changes in membrane lipid composition of leaves of winter wheat seedlings in response to PEG-induced water stress. BMC Plant Biol, 2020; 20: 84. Crossref • PubMed • Google Scholar | ||||
| ||||
35. Welti R., Li W., Li M., Sang Y., Biesiada H., Zhou H., Rajashekar C.B., Williams T.D., Wang X. Profiling membrane lipids in plant stress responses. Role of phospholipase D alpha in freezing-induced lipid changes in Arabidopsis. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2002; 277: 31994-32002. Crossref • PubMed • Google Scholar | ||||
| ||||
36. Yu B., Lydiate D.J., Young L.W., Schäfer U.A., Hannoufa A. Enhancing the carotenoid content of Brassica napus seeds by downregulating lycopene epsilon cyclase. Transgenic Res., 2008; 17(4): 573-585. Crossref • PubMed • Google Scholar | ||||
| ||||
37. Zheng G., Tian B., Zhang F., Tao F., Li W. Plant adaptation to frequent alterations between high and low temperatures: remodelling of membrane lipids and maintenance of unsaturation levels. Plant Cell Environ, 2011; 34(9): 1431-1442. Crossref • PubMed • Google Scholar |
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2020 Studia Biologica
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.