ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКИХ МОДЕЛЕЙ СОЦІАЛЬНОГО ЗАХИСТУ: ДОСВІД ДЛЯ УКРАЇНИ

Анотація

In this article, the authors substantiate the need for further reforming of the national social protection system in Ukraine, as one of the key factors for improving the effectiveness of the European integration process.

It is indicated that it is human and social capital that is currently providing the highest rates of economic growth, and those European countries, policies of which were primarily aimed at ensuring the development of human potential, have reached the highest level of nation well-being. In the social protection systems of the vast majority of EU countries, social insurance plays a decisive role and is an essential element of it. The founders of the introduction of social security (social insurance) in Western Europe are considered the chancellor of Germany Otto von Bismarck and the Lord of the United Kingdom William Beveridge.

 At the heart of the division of countries into types Espin-Andersen uses the indicators of economic growth, social stratification in societies, the system of distribution and redistribution of material goods, the power of trade unions and political parties, the degree of influence of the state apparatus. European social protection systems are divided into three types: the Anglo-American or Anglo-Saxon model (liberal, Beveridge's model); Franco-German model (conservative-corporatist, continental, Bismarck's); Scandinavian model (social-democratic, Swedish, of distributive socialism). At present, the EU is pursuing the policy of coordinating national social protection systems.

The Ukrainian model of social protection, by the principle of its functioning, most closely corresponds to the continental European model, although the Anglo-Saxon elements can be noted in the way of financing particular social risks.

When we look at the results of comparative research of EU social protection models, it points out that Ukrainian social insurance system should be transformed with considering the experience of EU Member States.

Keywords: insurance trust funds, single social contribution, model social security, social insurance, payroll fund.