РОЛЬ ІНДИКАТОРІВ ДОВІРИ ДО ФІНАНСОВОГО РИНКУ У ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ БАНКІВ

Анотація

The problem of public confidence in the banking sector is considered. It is substantiated that in the modern world the basis of banking system efficiency is confidence in banks. Today, confidence in the banking sector is low.

An unstable financial situation causes a decline in public confidence in commercial banks. 2005-2018 revealed the dependence of the influence of macroeconomic indicators of the state on the state of confidence in the central bank and, accordingly, the impact of confidence on the results of banking activities. Based on the Fechner correlation analysis method, the relationship between the level of confidence in the regulator and inflation-adjusted external debt, bank liabilities, the change in the interest rate and the level of confidence in the NBU are established; the relationship between the shadow economy and the banks' obligations.

Balance of confidence / mistrust with the NBU in December 2019 tilted towards the distrust expressed by (-29 %) citizens. A similar but slightly lower balance of confidence / distrust in banking institutions (-50.8 %), which is one of the lowest in the world. The confidence / distrust balance of the regulator and banks in Ukraine has improved markedly over 2019, driven by appreciation of the national currency and positive financial performance of the banking sector. There is also a direct correlation between the level of confidence in the NBU and changes in inflation-adjusted bank liabilities. Low confidence in the financial regulator hinders the development of the entire financial sector.

At present, low level of trust in banking institutions makes it impossible to fully utilize Ukraine's financial potential to create an efficient and competitive financial system. One of the most important tasks for restoring confidence in the domestic banking system is to increase the financial literacy of the population, to ensure openness of banks, to expand the range of banking services and to ensure their accessibility, to actively use marketing technologies and communications, to enhance the image of banking institutions. Therefore, the state and the citizens of Ukraine must make the necessary efforts to overcome this problem, in particular, it is necessary to improve the system of national risk assessment, which should take into account the level of confidence as one of the key elements of the investment environment.

Keywords: banks, confidence, National Bank of Ukraine, indicators of confidence in banks, public debt, shadow economy, bank liabilities, financial literacy.