Social readaptation as a social phenomenon

Анотація

The article is devoted to the study of social readaptation as a social phenomenon, especially important for persons serving sentences in prisons. Theoretical aspects of readaptation, its connection with socialization, rehabilitation and reintegration are considered. It is emphasized that readaptation is the process of restoring a person’s ability to live an active, independent life in society, including the restoration of social roles and adaptation to social norms. The authors analyze various definitions of social readaptation, emphasizing the importance of support and assistance from relevant institutions, as well as the individual’s personal readiness for change. The factors that influence the success of this process, such as intellectual abilities, stress resistance, empathy and cooperation, are considered. Particular attention is paid to the social re-adaptation of persons released from prison. It is emphasized that this process should begin while serving a sentence and include the development of labor skills, advanced training, and maintaining ties with family and the outside world. An important role is also played by penitentiary institutions, probation services, social protection centers, as well as public organizations and assistance funds. The article examines the stages of social adaptation, from familiarization with the new situation to full assimilation into society. The factors that facilitate and impede successful re-adaptation, such as family support, availability of work, housing, and stigmatization by society, are analyzed. The authors emphasize the need to overcome stereotypes and prejudices against former prisoners, as well as the importance of creating conditions for their full integration into society. Key words: socialization, rehabilitation, adaptation, readaptation, social norms, mental health, society, trauma, imprisonment, punishment, crime, social support, empathy, cooperation, family, professional qualifications, probation, post-penitentiary care, alcohol dependence, religious conversion, social skills, social capital, stigma, work, motivation, criminal lifestyle, housing.